I-benzoic acid iyi-solide emhlophe noma amakristalu anombala ongenamibala ngefomula c6h5cooh. Inephunga elibuthakathaka nelimnandi. Ngenxa yezindawo zayo eziguquguqukayo, i-benzoic acid ithola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukulondolozwa kokudla, amakhamishini kanye nezimonyo.

I-benzaic acid nama-esters ayo ngokwemvelo akhona ezinhlakeni ezahlukahlukene zezilwane nezilwane. Ngokuphawulekile, amajikijolo amaningi anokugxila okukhulu, cishe ngo-0,05%. Izithelo ezivuthiwe zezinhlobo eziningi zokuguga, ezinjenge-cranberry (V. Vitis-idaaea) ne-bilberry (v. myrtillus), zingaqukatha amazinga wamahhala we-benzoic acidi asukela ku-0.03% kuya ku-0.13% kuye ku-0.13% kuye ku-0.13% kuye ku-0.13%. Ngokwengeziwe, ama-apula akhiqiza i-benzoic acid lapho etheleleka yi-fungent nectria Galligena. Le nhlanganisela nayo itholwe ezithweni zangaphakathi nemisipha ye-rock ptarmigan (iLagopus Muta), kanye nasezingeniso ezikhazimulayo ze-muskoxen yabesilisa (i-Ovibos Moschatus) kanye ne-Asia Bull Elephants (Elephas Maximus). Ngaphezu kwalokho, uGum Benzoin angaqukatha afinyelela ku-20% i-benzoic acid kanye nama-40% ama-esters ayo.

I-benzaic acid, etholwe e-cassiawoyela ka-cassia, ilungele izimonyo ezisekelwe ngokuphelele.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-benzoic acid

1. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-phenol kufaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwe-benzoic acid. Kusungulwe ukuthi i-Phenol ingasuselwa ku-benzoic acid ngokusebenzisa inqubo yokwelapha i-benzoic acid enoxionic, umoya ofanele, kanye nomusi emazingeni okushisa asukela ngo-200 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C kuya ku-250 ° C.

2. I-benzoic acid isebenza njenge-penzoyl chloride, edlala indima enkulu ekwenziweni kwamakhemikhali anhlobonhlobo, amakha, amakha, amakhambi, nemithi. Ngokwengeziwe, i-benzoic acid iba yi-metabolism ukwakha ama-esters we-benzoate, ama-benzoate anides, ama-thioesters ama-benzoates, kanye ne-benzoic anhydride. Kuyinto ebalulekile yesakhiwo ezinhlangothini eziningi ezikhethekile ezitholakala emvelweni futhi zibalulekile kumakhemikhali e-organic.

3. Enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziphambili ze-benzoic acid zinjengesisekelo ngaphakathi komkhakha wokudla. Kusetshenziswa kaningi eziphuzweni, imikhiqizo yezithelo, kanye nososo, lapho idlala khona indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni ukukhula kwezikhunta, imvubelo namagciwane athile.

I-4. Esikhathini sesikhathi sezemithi, i-benzoic acid ivame ukuhlanganiswa ne-salicylic acid ukubhekana nezimo zesikhumba ezifana nonyawo lwe-athlete, i-ringworm, kanye ne-itch pusch. Ngokwengeziwe, kusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni okuphezulu ngenxa yemiphumela yayo ye-keratolytic, esiza ekususweni kwama-warts, ama-corn, kanye nemingcele. Lapho isetshenziselwa izinhloso zokwelapha, i-benzoic acid isetshenziswa ngokuvamile. Iyatholakala ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi okhilimu, ama-ointmention, kanye namapopi. Ukuqoqwa kwe-benzoic acid kule mikhiqizo ngokuvamile kusukela ku-5% kuya ku-10%, kubhangqwe kaningi ngenhlanganisela efanayo ye-salicylic acid. Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kokutheleleka kwesikhunta sesikhunta, kubalulekile ukuze uhlanze futhi womise indawo ethintekile ngaphambi kokufaka ungqimba oluncane lomuthi. Uhlelo lokusebenza luvame ukunconywa kathathu kabili kuya kathathu ngosuku, futhi ukunamathela ekuqondisweni kochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kubalulekile ekufezeni imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

I-benzaic acid imvamisa ibhekwa njengephephile lapho isetshenziswa kahle; Kodwa-ke, kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kubantu abathile. Imiphumela emibi ebikwa kakhulu ifaka phakathi ukusabela kwesikhumba okwenziwe ngubomvu, ukulunywa, nokucasuka. Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zimnene futhi zinesikhashana, yize zingakhululeki kwabanye. Uma ukucasuka kuqhubeka noma kuqina, kungakuhle ukuthi uyeke ukusebenzisa umkhiqizo futhi ufune ukuholwa kuchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Labo abane-hypersensitivity eyaziwayo e-benzoic acid noma ezinye zezithako zayo kufanele zenqabe ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo equkethe le nhlanganisela. Ngokwengeziwe, kungqubuzana ukuthi kusetshenziswe kumanxeba avulekile noma isikhumba esiphukile, njengoba ukumuncwa kwe-acid ngesikhumba esisengozini kungahle kube nomphumela wobuthi obuhlelekile. Izimpawu zobuthi obuhle zingafaka isicanucanu, ukugabha, ukungaphatheki kahle kwesisu, kanye nesiyezi, kudinga ukungenelela kokwelashwa okusheshayo.

Abesifazane abakhulelwe abakhulelwe bakhuthazekile ukuba babonane nomhlinzeki wabo wezempilo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa imikhiqizo equkethe i-benzoic acid ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha ngokwabo nezinsana zabo. Yize ubufakazi maqondana nemiphumela ye-benzoic acid ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye ne-lactation kukhawulelwe, kuhlale kuwukuhlakanipha ukubeka phambili ukuqaphela.

Ngamafuphi, i-benzoic acid iyindawo ebalulekile enobubanzi bezicelo. Ukuvela kwalo okungokwemvelo, izakhiwo zokulondolozwa, kanye nokuguquguquka kwenziwe ngezinto eziguquguqukayo kwenze kube yingxenye ebalulekile emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa i-benzoic acid ngokuphepha nangokuzibophezela, ukulandela imihlahlandlela enconyiwe nokubonisana nochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo lapho kunesidingo.