Ngezansi kunesethulo esifushane mayelana nezindlela zokusebenza, izinhlobo kanye nokuhlola okufakwe kunkomba yama-preservatives ahlukahlukene.
1.Imodi yesenzo iyonke yeizilondolozi
Ama-preservative ama-agent amakhemikhali ikakhulukazi asiza ukubulala noma ukuvimbela imisebenzi yamagciwane ezimonyoni kanye nokugcina ikhwalithi iyonke yezimonyo isikhathi eside.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-preservatives awawona ama-bactericide 鈥 awanawo umphumela oqinile we-bactericidal, futhi asebenza kuphela uma esetshenziswe ngobuningi obanele noma lapho exhumana ngokuqondile nama-microorganisms.
Izivimbelakuvunda zivimbela ukukhula kwe-microbial zivimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwama-enzyme abalulekile we-metabolic kanye nokuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwamaprotheni ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile zamangqamuzana noma ukuhlanganiswa kwe-nucleic acid.
2.Izinto ezithinta Imisebenzi Yezilondolozi
Ziningi izici ezinomthelela emphumeleni wezivimbelakuvunda.Zihlanganisa;
a.Umthelela we-pH
Ushintsho ku-pH lunomthelela ekuhlakazweni kwezivimbelakuvunda ze-asidi ephilayo, futhi kanjalo kuthinta ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kwezivimbelakuvunda.Thatha isibonelo, ku-pH 4 kanye ne-pH 6, i-2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol izinzile kakhulu
b.Imiphumela yejeli nezinhlayiya eziqinile
I-Koalin, i-magnesium silicate, i-aluminium njll, ezinye izinhlayiya zempushana ezikhona kwezinye izimonyo, ezivame ukumunca isilondolozi futhi okuholela ekulahlekelweni komsebenzi yi-preservative.Nokho, amanye ayasebenza futhi ekumunceni amagciwane akhona kusigcina-mpilo.Futhi, inhlanganisela yejeli ye-polymer encibilikayo emanzini kanye ne-preservative inomthelela ekunciphiseni ukuhlushwa kwe-residual preservative ekubunjweni kwezimonyo, futhi lokhu kubuye kunciphise umphumela we-preservative.
c.Umphumela we-Solubilization wama-nonionic surfactants
Ukuhlanganiswa kwama-surfactants ahlukahlukene njengama-nonionic surfactants kuma-preservatives nakho kuthinta umsebenzi wonke wezilondolozi.Kodwa-ke, ama-nonionic surfactants ancibilika uwoyela afana ne-HLB=3-6 aziwa njengamandla aphezulu okuvalwa ku-preservatives uma kuqhathaniswa nama-surfactants ancibilikayo angenayo i-nonionic anenani eliphakeme le-HLB.
d.Umthelela wokuwohloka kwe-preservative
Kunezinye izici ezifana nokushisa, ukukhanya njll, okubangela ukuwohloka kwezivimbelakuvunda, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukunciphisa umphumela wabo we-antiseptic.Ngaphezu kwalokho, eminye yale miphumela iholela ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali e-biochemical ngenxa yokuvala inzalo emisebeni kanye nokukhishwa kwamagciwane.
e.Eminye imisebenzi
Ngokufanayo, ezinye izici ezifana nokuba khona kwama-flavour nama-chelating agents kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwezivimbelakuvunda emanzini kawoyela-amanzi ezigabeni ezimbili nakho kuzofaka isandla ekwehliseni umsebenzi wezilondolozi ngokwezinga elithile.
3.Izici ze-antiseptic zama-preservatives
Izakhiwo ze-antiseptic zama-preservatives kufanelekile ukucatshangelwa.Ukuba nama-preservatives ngokweqile ezimonyoni kuzokwenza ukuthi kucasule, kanti ukushoda kokugxila kuzothinta isibulala-magciwane.izakhiwo zama-preservatives.Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola lokhu ukusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwenselele yebhayoloji okubandakanya ukugxila okuncane kwe-inhibitory (MIC) kanye nokuhlolwa kwendawo yokuvimbela.
Ukuhlolwa kwesiyingi se-Bacteriostatic: Lokhu kuhlola kusetshenziselwa ukunquma lawo magciwane kanye nesikhunta esikwazi ukukhula ngokushesha ngemva kokutshalwa endaweni efanele.Esimweni lapho i-disc yephepha lokuhlunga elifakwe nge-preservative yehliswa phakathi kwepuleti eliphakathi kwesiko, kuzoba nombuthano we-bacteriostatic owenziwe nxazonke ngenxa yokungena kwe-preservative.Lapho ukala ububanzi besiyingi se-bacteriostatic, ingasetshenziswa njenge-yardstick ukuze kutholwe ukusebenza kahle kwesilondolozi.
Ngalokhu, kungashiwo ukuthi umbuthano we-bacteriostatic usebenzisa indlela yephepha enobubanzi> = 1.0mm iphumelela kakhulu.I-MIC ibizwa ngokuthi ingxubevange encane yesilondolozi esingangezwa endaweni ukuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane.Esimeni esinjalo, i-MIC encane, inamandla amakhemikhali e-antimicrobial we-preservative.
Amandla noma umphumela womsebenzi we-antimicrobial ngokuvamile uvezwa ngendlela ye-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).Ngokwenza kanjalo, umsebenzi oqinile wama-antimicrobial unqunywa inani elincane le-MIC.Nakuba i-MIC ingeke isetshenziselwe ukuhlukanisa phakathi komsebenzi we-bactericidal kanye ne-bacteriostatic, ama-surfactants ngokuvamile aziwa njengomphumela we-bacteriostatic ekugxiliseni okuphansi kanye nomphumela wokuvalwa inzalo ekugxilweni okuphezulu.
Eqinisweni, ngezikhathi ezihlukene, le misebenzi emibili yenzeka ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuhlukaniswa.Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngokuvamile banikezwa igama elihlangene njenge-antimicrobial disinfection noma ukumane babulale amagciwane.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-10-2021